Table 2. Effect of litter types and gender on behavioral using method of one zero (time budget) and instantaneous sampling (count) in the former period (1~4 week)
Gender | Male | Female | SEM | P-value |
Litter type | Sawdust | Rice husks | Sawdust | Rice husks | Gender | Litter | Gender × Litter |
Time (minutes) |
Standing | 227.95 | 281.95 | 283.25 | 277.25 | 3.74 | 0.601 | 0.119 | 0.968 |
Sitting | 377.58 | 363.52 | 362.14 | 378.35 | 4.95 | 0.363 | 0.211 | 0.071 |
Walking | 64.47 | 74.54 | 74.61 | 64.41 | 1.75 | 0.917 | 0.413 | 0.218 |
Count (number) |
Drinking | 23.12 | 22.36 | 27.98 | 18.51 | 0.56 | 0.942 | 0.842 | 0.591 |
Feeding | 56.36 | 53.88 | 57.31 | 52.81 | 2.03 | 0.157 | 0.478 | 0.393 |
Preening | 58.29 | 53.41 | 57.07 | 53.62 | 2.56 | 0.515 | 0.622 | 0.814 |
Dust bathing | 5.22 | 4.53 | 6.57 | 3.17 | 0.44 | 0.830 | 0.099 | 0.654 |
Pecking | 33.65 | 29.49 | 35.58 | 27.59 | 1.50 | 0.693 | 0.871 | 0.121 |
Flapping | 83.55 | 79.97 | 88.96 | 75.01 | 1.51 | 0.468 | 0.317 | 0.935 |
Aggressive pecking | 7.01 | 7.89 | 5.63 | 9.26 | 0.28 | 0.188 | <0.05 | 0.168 |
SEM, Standard error of mean.